Early Literacy

Learn more about the curriculum and methods used to teach young children the literacy skills they need to read and write, including phonics

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Staci Pollock teaches reading comprehension to her second grade class at Lacy Elementary in Raleigh, N.C., on May 25, 2022.
Why Putting the 'Science of Reading' Into Practice Is So Challenging
Philosophical disagreements, a rushed rollout, and a lack of ready-to-use materials have complicated one state's journey.
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Students at R. Brown McAllister Elementary School use exercises in phonemic awareness during literary instruction on March 19, 2025, in Concorn, N.C.
Students at R. Brown McAllister Elementary School practice exercises in phonemic awareness during literary instruction on March 19, 2025, in Concorn, N.C. Consensus exists that teaching students alphabetics, including phonics and phonemic awareness, is critical for reading—but which methods are the most efficient?
Cornell Watson for Education Week
Reading & Literacy A New Phonics Debate Shows How the 'Science of Reading' Movement Is Evolving
Growing momentum behind 'linguistic' phonics has raised questions about how best to use classroom time.
Sarah Schwartz, August 13, 2026
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6 min read
Julie Celestial, center, teaches her kindergarten class a literacy lesson at Mark Twain Elementary School in Long Beach, California on Tuesday, May 6, 2025 . A new bill could change how literacy is taught in elementary schools by providing transitional kindergarten through fifth-grade teachers with training and textbooks that stress what's known as science of reading, an approach to literacy that focuses heavily on phonics and foundational reading skills to combat California's literacy crisis. Though other states have shifted to this evidence-based reading, California's reading instruction has largely been left to the control of school districts, many of which have not made the switch. The school has begun their shift to a science of reading approach and are seen as an example for other California districts.
Julie Celestial, center, teaches her kindergarten class a literacy lesson at Mark Twain Elementary School in Long Beach, Calif. on Tuesday, May 6, 2025. Proponents of a "speech-to-print" phonics approach say it works more efficiently than other methods. But research evidence is inconclusive.
Allen J. Schaben/Los Angeles Times via TNS
Reading & Literacy What is 'Linguistic' Phonics and Why Are Some Schools Adopting It?
A new question is emerging in the "science of reading": Is one type of phonics instruction better than another?
Sarah Schwartz, August 7, 2026
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8 min read
A student takes an assessment.
Paper-and-pencil assessments have been replaced by digital versions in many schools across the country. But two school districts in New Mexico are pushing back against a state-required digital reading assessment that uses artificial intelligence. They argue that it raises serious student data privacy concerns.
John Pendygraft/Tampa Bay Times via TNS
Artificial Intelligence School Districts Push Back Against State-Required AI Reading Assessments
Two school districts in New Mexico say the assessments could jeopardize students' data privacy.
Natalie Robbins, Albuquerque Journal, August 4, 2026
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4 min read
An illustration of a teacher and student overlooking blocks that represent bar charts going up, filled with illustrations of numbers, letters, math problems and books.
Illustration by Robert Neubecker for Education Week
Mathematics The ‘Science of Reading’ Movement Is Evolving. Is Math Next?
Schools can expect more change—and continued debate—as the push for evidence-based instruction continues.
Sarah Schwartz, August 3, 2026
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10 min read
AT LEFT, US Senator Maggie Hassan (D-NH) listens as US Senator Tim Kane (D-VA) speaks regarding the Special Education Administration Act (S. 5038), and the profit the transfer of certain offices to other Federal Agency (S.5046) Act during a Health, Education, Labor and Pension Executive Session at the Dirksen Senate Office Building on Capitol Hill, Washington, DC on Thursday, July 30, 2026.
U.S. Sen. Maggie Hassan, D-N.H., left, listens as U.S. Sen. Tim Kaine, D-Va., speaks during a Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions committee meeting at the Dirksen Senate Office Building on Capitol Hill in Washington on July 30, 2026. The committee advanced two bills related to reading, as well as another opposing the transfer of certain U.S. Department of Education offices to other agencies.
Demetrius Freeman for Education Week
Reading & Literacy Federal 'Science of Reading' Bill Advances
A Senate committee also passed a proposal to classify dyslexia separately under federal disability law.
Sarah Schwartz, July 31, 2026
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5 min read
Education Week opinion letters submissions
Gwen Keraval for Education Week
English Learners Letter to the Editor Multilingual Learners Need Oral-Language Development
High-quality curriculum must not leave this out.
July 31, 2026
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1 min read
Silhouetted students having a conversation. Finding different meaning. Science of reading. Phonics.
Vanessa Solis/Education Week + Getty
Reading & Literacy Opinion The Two-Minute Fix Every Phonics Lesson Needs
It may look like an amusing tangent, but this exercise can cement new vocabulary.
Carolyn Strom, July 24, 2026
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5 min read
Estes Elementary School kindergarten students Evelyn Bolmer, front left; Jase Bellamy, back right; and Eric Guarneros, front right, listen as their teacher Faith Harralson assists Bolmer with a math equation, as they ride pedal desks at school in Owensboro, Ky., Jan. 19, 2016.
Estes Elementary School kindergarten students Evelyn Bolmer, front left; Jase Bellamy, back right; and Eric Guarneros, front right, listen as their teacher Faith Harralson assists Bolmer with a math equation, as they ride pedal desks at school in Owensboro, Ky., Jan. 19, 2016. New research shows students who start kindergarten behind in reading and math are unlikely to catch up by 3rd grade.
Jenny Sevcik/The Messenger-Inquirer via AP
Reading & Literacy Kindergartners' Math and Reading Scores Can Predict Their 3rd Grade Performance
But their academic trajectories aren't set in stone, and early intervention is key, researchers say.
Sarah Schwartz, June 25, 2026
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3 min read
20250205 AMX US NEWS NEW DATABASE LOOK UP K5 1 PO
An educator at Holcomb Elementary School in Oregon City, Ore. works with students on phonics and phonemic awareness on Feb. 5, 2025. New studies point to the mix of factors teachers should consider when selecting texts for students.
Julia Silverman/OregonLive.com via TNS
Reading & Literacy How Should Teachers Select Books for Young Readers? (Hint: It's Not Just Decodability)
Three new studies offer clues about what makes texts easier and harder for young students to read on their own.
Sarah Schwartz, June 12, 2026
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5 min read
Mississippi teachers and aspiring teachers attend a training session on a science-based reading program in April 2021.
Mississippi teachers and aspiring teachers attend a training session on a science-based reading program in April 2021. The state is among those that have mandated evidence-based approaches to teaching reading, but some of the nation's teacher-preparation programs are lagging.
Cheryl Gerber for Education Week
Teacher Preparation More Teacher-Preparation Programs Follow the 'Science of Reading.' But Some Still Lag
Roughly half of programs reviewed train teachers in the skills needed to teach reading effectively.
Sarah D. Sparks, June 9, 2026
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6 min read
Anjanette McNeely teaches a reading block with her kindergarten students at Windridge Elementary School in Kaysville, Utah, on Dec. 4, 2025.
Anjanette McNeely teaches a reading block with her kindergarten students at Windridge Elementary School in Kaysville, Utah, on Dec. 4, 2025. Districts have emphasized structured literacy, though research suggests that how teachers use that time can significantly affect student outcomes.
Niki Chan Wylie for Education Week
Reading & Literacy What Might Matter More Than Phonics in Early Literacy
A district invested in evidence-based literacy instruction but reaped uneven results. Here's why.
Elizabeth Heubeck, May 11, 2026
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4 min read
A comic book-style illustration of kindergarteners. The top image shows a teacher reading to the kids, and the bottom image shows young kids around a table playing with toy insects.
Illustration by Gina Tomko/Education Week + Canva
Early Childhood 5 Ways to Build Oral Language in Young Learners
Hearing and practicing language leads to stronger literacy skills.
Elizabeth Heubeck, May 6, 2026
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4 min read
Reading & Literacy Quiz Quiz Yourself: How Much Do You Know About Helping Struggling Students Get Back on Track?
Too many students struggle with reading. Test your knowledge of what works—and discover strategies to help them get back on track.
May 1, 2026
Anjanette McNeely teaches a reading block with her kindergarten students at Windridge Elementary School in Kaysville, Utah, on Dec. 4, 2025.
Anjanette McNeely teaches a reading block with her kindergarten students at Windridge Elementary School in Kaysville, Utah, on Dec. 4, 2025. New research shows significant shifts in how teachers are teaching reading, as well as the materials and PD they receive, but some still use older methods.
Niki Chan Wylie for Education Week
Reading & Literacy How the Science of Reading Is Reshaping Teaching: What the Data Say
A nationally representative survey shows how reading curriculum, PD, and teacher practice have shifted.
Sarah Schwartz, April 29, 2026
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9 min read